Trials of enzalutamide found that those with an incurable form of the disease had their lives extended by an average of five months.
Experts say that the new drug will allow patients who have failed to respond to hormonal treatments and chemotherapy to enjoy a high quality of life during their final months.
The treatment is currently available in England through the cancer drugs fund, but no such facility exists in Scotland.
A decision on whether to make the drug available through NHS Scotland will be made by the Scottish Medicines Consortium (SMC) later this year.
The drug, which was partly trialled at the Beatson Oncology Centre in Glasgow, was found to cause side-effects in very few patients, and those who were given enzalutamide reported that their quality of life and health improved.
Prostate cancer is estimated to affect one in 12 men in Scotland and is the most common cancer for men.
Professor Johann de Bono, Professor of Experimental Cancer Medicine at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, and Consultant Medical Oncologist at The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, said: ?Enzalutamide is a much-needed development in prostate cancer treatment, and will provide a new option for the increasing number of men with advanced prostate cancer in the UK.
?Enzalutamide has already demonstrated a positive impact on quality of life while increasing the lifespan of patients. Its use will bring significant benefits.?
If the SMC decides not to approve enzalutamide for use within NHS Scotland, patients wishing to access it privately will face a bill of around ?3,000 a month.
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